一、SUM在保险代表什么意

SA是英文SumAssured的缩写，保险费SA支出是保险金额支出。

保险金额是保险人承担赔偿或者给付保险金责任的最高限额。在不同的保险合同中，保险金额的确定方法有所不同。在财产保险中，保险金额要根据保险价值来确定；在责任保险和信用保险中，一般由保险双方当事人在签订保险合同时依据保险标的的具体情况商定一个最高赔偿限额，还有些责任保险在投保时并不确定保险金额；在人身保险中，由于人的生命价值难以用货币来衡量，所以不能依据人的生命价值确定保险金额，而是根据被保险人的经济保障城要与投保人支付保险费的能力，由保险双方当事人协商确定保险金额。

扩展阅读：【保险】怎么买，哪个好，手把手教你避开保险的这些"坑"

二、M/V,S/V,S/S,F/S分别是什么船的缩写我只知道M/V是内燃机船

航运术语汇编

XinQ| 08/17 2006, 09:04缩写英文中文

aa ALWAYS AFLOAT保持漂浮,永远漂浮

ACCT ACCOUNT帐目,帐户

ACPT ACCEPTANCE接受

ADCOM ADDRESS COMMISSION订舱佣金,租船佣金

ADD.COMM ADDRESS COMMISSION订舱佣金,租船佣金

ADFT AFT DRAFT艉吃水

ADV. ADVISE OR ADVANCE通知或提前

A.F. ADVANCED FREIGHT预付运费

A.F.B. AIR FRIGHT BILL空运运单

AGRD AGREED同意

AGRT AGREEMENT协议

AGW ALL GOING WELL(取决于)一切顺利

A.H. AFTER HATCH后舱

AIR DRAFT LENGTH BETWEEN WATER LEVEL AND VESSEL'S RAIL水平面至船弦的高度

AM ANTE MERIDIEM=BEFORE NOON上午

AMT AMOUNT金额,数额

A.N. ARRIVAL NOTICE到达通知

A/R ALL RISKS一切险

ASAP AS SOON AS POSSIBLE尽快,尽速

ASF AS FOLLOWS如下

ATTN ATTENTION由...收阅

A.V. AD VALOREM ACCORDING TO VALUE运价标记,根据商品的价值(计算运费),从价费率

a.a.r. against all risks一切险

AC account current一切险

A/C for account of费用由...负担

acc. acceptance;accepted已接受

acc.cop. according to the custom of the port按照...港口惯例

a.c.v. actual cash value实际现金价值

a.d. a/d after date...日期以后

Add-on.tariff(also proportional rate or arbitrary in US)费率标记(在美国也指按比例或仲裁决定)

ad val.(a/v) ad valorem(according to value)从价费率(按离岸价格)

ADP automated data processing自动数据处理

ADR European Agreement concerning the international carriage of dangerous goods by road

AETR European Agreement concerning the work of crews of vehicles engaged in international road transport

AFRA average freight rate assessment运费费率平均运价

Agcy agency代理公司,代理行

Agt. agent代理人

a.g.w.t. actual gross weight实际毛重,实际总重量

AMT Air Mail Transfer航空邮寄

A.O. account of...的帐上

A/or and/or和/或

A/P account paid已付帐款

approx. approximately大约

arr. arrival到达,抵达

arrd. arrived到达,抵达

a/s after sight见票后...

A/S alongside靠码头,并靠他船

asap as soon as possible尽快,尽速

ass. associate准会员,公司

ATA actual time arrival实际到达时间

ATD actual time of departure实际出发时间

ATP Agreement for the International Carriage of Perish able Foodstuffs

Atty attorney律师(美),代理人

auth. authorized授权的,认可的

aux. auxiliary辅助的,辅助设备

AWB Air Waybill空运单

BA BALE CAPACITY包装容积

BAL BALANCE平衡

BALTIME UNIFORM TIME CHARTER统一定期租船合同,巴尔的摩期租合同

BDL BUNDLE捆

BEAM BREADTH OF THE VESSEL(船舶)型宽

BENDS BOTH ENDS装卸港

BIMCO BALTIC INTERNATIONAL MARITIME CONFERENCE波罗的海国际航运公会

BIZ BUSINESS业务

B/L BILL OF LADING提单

BL BALE包(装)

BLADING BILL OF LADING提单

BLFT BALE FEET包装尺码(容积)

BLK BULK散装

BLKR BULKER散装船

BREAKDOWN AN ITEMIZED ACOUNT OF...'ITEM BY ITEM细目分类

B.RGDS BEST REGARDS致敬,致意

BS/L BILLS OF LADING提单(复)

B.T. BERTH TERMS班轮条款

B.A.C. bunker adjustment charge燃油附加费

B.A.F. bunker adjustment factor燃油附加费系数

Bags/Bulk part in bags,part in bulk货物部分袋装,部分散装

B.C. bulk cargo散装货

B/D bank(er's) draft银行汇票

b.d.i. both dates(days) inclusive包括始末两天

bdth breadth宽度,型宽

Bdy boundary边境,界线

B/G bonded goods保税货物

Bk. bank银行

Bkge brokerage佣金,经纪费

brl. barrel桶,分英制美制两种

B.W. bonded warehouse保税仓库

bxs. boxes合,箱

CABLEADD CABLE ADDRESS电报挂号

CC CARBON COPY抄送

C.F. CUBIC FEET立方英尺

C&F COST AND FREIGHT货价加运费

CFS CONTAINER FREIGHT STATION集装箱货运站

CIC CHINA INSURANCE CLAUSE中国保险条款

CIF COST,INSURANCE AND FRIEHGT到岸价格(货价,保险费,加运费价)

CIF& C COST,INSURANCE,FREIGHT AND COMMISSION到岸价格加佣金

CL.B/L CLEAN BILL OF LADING清洁提单

CO. COMPANY公司

C/O(IN) CARE OF由...转交

COA CONTRACT OF AFFREIGHTMENT包运合同

COMM. COMMISSION佣金

CONBILL CONFERENCE BILL OF LADING公会提单

CONGENBILL CONFERENCE GENERAL CARGO BILL OF LADING公会杂货提单

CO-OP CO-OPERATION合作

CORP. CORPORATION公司

COSCO CHINA OCEAN SHIPPING COMPANY中国远洋运输总公司

C/P CHARTER PARTY租船合同

CQD CUSTOMARY QUICK DESPATCH按港口惯常速度快速装卸

CUB CUBIC立方

CUFT CUBIC FEET立方英尺

CUM CUBIC METER立方米

CY CONTAINER YAND集装箱堆场

CAC currency adjustment charge货币贬值附加费

CAConf Cargo Agency Conference(IATA)货运代理公会()

C.A.F. currency adjustment factor货币贬值附加费系数

C.A.S. currency adjustment surcharge货币贬值附加费

CASS Cargo Accounts Settlement System(IATA)货运费用结算系统

C.B. container base集装箱底

c.& d. collection and delivery运费收讫,货物交毕

c.b.d. cash before delivery交货前付现

cbm cubic meter立方米

cc charges collect收取运费

CCL customs clearance清关

CCS consolidated cargo(container) service集中托运业务

C/D customs declaration报关单

CEM European Conference on goods train timetables欧洲货运列车时刻表会议

CFR Cost and freight(Incoterms)成本加运费价

C.H. carriers haulage承运业

C.H.C. cargo handling charges货物装卸费

Ch.fwd charges forward运费到付

c.i.a. cash in advance交货前付现款

c.i.f.& e. cost,insurance,freight and exchange成本,保险费,运费,加汇费价格

c.i.f.i.& e. cost,insurance,freight,interest and exchange成本,保险费,运费,利息,加汇费价格

c.i.f.& i. cost,insurance,freight and interest成本,保险费,运费,加利息价格

c.i.f.c.& i. cost,insurance,freight,commission and interest成本,保险费,运费,佣金,加利息价格

c.i.f.c.& e. cost,insurance,freight,commission and exchange成本,保险费,运费,佣金,加汇费价格

c.i.f.i.c. cost,insurance,freight,interest and commission成本,保险费,运费,利息,加佣金价格

c.i.f.L.t. cost,insurance,freight,London terms伦敦条款到岸价格

c.i.f.w. cost,insurance,freight/war到岸价加战争险

CIM International Convention concerning the carriage of Goods by Railway

CIP Carriage and insurance paid to(Incoterms)运费和保险费付至...(指定目的地)

CIV International Convention on the Carriage of Passenger and Luggage by Railway

CKD completely knocked down(unassembled)完全分解的

cm centimetre(s)厘米

cm3 cubic centimetre(s)立方厘米

CMR Convention on the Contract for the International Carriage of Goods by Road

C/N consignment note发货通知书

cnee consignee收货人

cnmt/consgt. consignment发运

cnor consignor发货人

C/O certificate of origin原产地证明

C.O.D. cash on delivery货到付款

C.O.F.C. Container-on-Flat-Car(rail flatcar)(铁路)装运集装箱的平板车

COMBITERMS Delivery terms for int'l groupage traffic国际成组运输交货条款(货运代理人之间)

COP customs of port港口惯例

C.O.S. cash on shipment装船付船

COTIF Convention concerning Int'l Carriage by Rail(CIM-CIV)国际铁路运输公约

C.P. Customs of Port港口惯例

CP carriage paid运费已付

C/P blading charter party bill of lading租船提单

CPLTC Conference Port Liner Term Charges港口班轮装卸条款公会

CPT Carriage paid to(Incoterms)运费付至(...指定目的地)

CSC Container service charge集装箱运输费用

CSC Int'l Convention of the Safe Transport of Containers国际集装箱安全公约

CSConf Cargo Service Conference(IATA)货运业公会

CST Container Service Tariff集装箱运输费率

C/T Container Terminal集装箱码头

C.T. conference terms公会条款

CT combined transport联合运输

CTD combined transport document联合运输单证

CTO combined transport operator多式联运经营人

CTPC Cargo Traffic Procedures Committee(IATA)

cu.ft. cubic foot(feet)立方英尺

cu.in. cubic inch(es)立方英寸

CVGK customs value per gross kilogram(毛重)每公斤海关价值

CVGP customs value per gross pound(毛重)每磅海关价值

CWE cleared without examination未经查验过关的

cwt hundredweight担,(英制)等于112磅,(美制)等于100磅

CWO CASH WITH ORDER订货时预付款

cy currency货币

D DIESEL OIL柴油

D300 DIESEL OIL 300 TONS柴油300吨

D/A DOCUMENT AGAINST ACCEPTANCE承兑交单

DEM DEMURRAGE滞期费

DEP DEPARTURE(船舶)离港

DEPT DEPARTURE离港,处部

DESP DESPATCH MONEY速遣费

DESPONENT OWNER SECOND OWNER OF THE SAME VESSEL二船东

D.F DEAD FREIGHT空舱费

DFT DRAFT吃水

DHD DEMURRAGE AND HALF DESPATCH滞期费,速遣费为滞期费的一半

DHDWTS DESPATCH HALF DEMURRAGE AND FOR WORKING TIME SAVED速遣费按滞期费的一半,并按节省的工作时间计算

D/O DELIVERY ORDER提货单

D/P DOCUMENT AGAINST PAYMENT付款交单

D.T.A. DEFINITE TIME OF ARRIVAL确报,船舶确切到港时间

DWC DEADWEIGHT CAPACITY受载量

DWCT DEADWEIGHT CARGO TONNAGE载重吨,受载量

DWT DEADWEIGHT TONNAGE载重吨

DWTC DEADWEIGHT TONNAGE OF CARGO货物载重吨

DAF Delivery at frontier(Incoterms)边境交货(...指定地)

D.A.S. delivered alongside ship船边交货

Dbk drawback退(关)税

DCAS Distribution Cost Analysis System分拨费用分析系统

DDP Delivered duty paid(Incoterms)完税后交货

DES Delivered ex ship(Incoterms)目的地船上交货(...指定目的港)

DEQ Delivered ex quay(duty paid)(Incoterms)目的港码头交货(关税已付)

DDU Delivered duty unpaid(Incoterms)未完税交货

dia diameter直径

dir. direct直接

dm3 cubic decimetre(s)立方分米

DOCIMEL Electronic Cim Document电子单证

DWCC dead weight cargo capacity载重量

DWT dead weight ton载重吨

E.G. EXAMPLE GRATIA=FOR EXAMPLE例如

EIU EVEN IF USED即使使用(也不算)

E/M EXPORT MANIFEST出口载货清单,出口舱单

ENCL ENCLOSURE OR ENCLOSED附件或所附的

E.& O.E. ERRORS AND OMMISIONS EXCEPTED有错当查(错误和遗漏不在此限)

ETA ESTIMATED TIME OF ARRIVAL(船舶)预计抵港时间

ETAD EXPECTED TIME OF ARRIVAL AND DEPARTURE(船舶)预计到达和离开时间

ETB EXPECTED TIME OF BERTHING(船舶)预计靠泊时间

ETC EXPECTED TIME OF COMMENCEMENT预计开始时间

ETCD ESTIMATED TIME OF COMMENCING DISCHARGING(船舶)预计开始卸货时间

ETD ESTIMATED TIME OF DEPARTURE(船舶)预计离港时间

ETL ESTIMATED TIME OF LOADING(船舶)预计开装时间

ETS ESTIMATED TIME OF SAILING(船舶)预计开航时间

EXP EXPORT出口

EXPS EXPENSES(费用)支出

ECE International Convention for the Harmonization of Frontiers Controls of Goods

ECU European currency unit欧洲货币单位

EDI electronic data interchange电子数据交换

EDIFACT Electronic Data Interchange for Administration, Commerce and Transport

EDP electronic data processing电子数据处理

e.g. for example例如

EIR equipment interchange receipt(containers)设备交接单(集装箱)

excl. excluding不包括,除...外

EXW Ex works(Incoterms)工厂交货(...指定地)

F FUEL OIL燃油

F300 FUEL OIL 300 TONS燃油300吨

FAS FREE ALONGSIDE SHIP船边交货

FCL FULL CONTAINER LOAD(集装箱)整箱货

FDFT FORE DRAFT艏吃水

FEU FOURTY EQUIVALENT UNIT 40'标准集装箱

FI FREE IN(船方)不负担装货费用

FILO FREE IN AND LINER OUT(船方)不负担装货费用,但负担卸货费用

F.I.L.S.D. FREE IN LASHED,SECURED AND DUNNAGED(船方)不负担装货,捆扎,加固,隔垫(料)等费用

FIO FREE IN AND OUT(船方)不负担装,卸费用

FIOST FREE IN AND OUT,STOWED AND TRIMMED(船方)不管装,不管卸,不管积载和平仓

FLT FULL LINER TERMS全班轮条款

F/M EXPORT FREIGHT MANIFEST出口载货运费清单,运费舱单

FM FROM从...,来自...

FOB FREE ON BOARD离岸价格(船上交货0

FPA FREE FROM PARTICULAR AVERAGE平安险

FRT FREIGHT运费

FT FOOT OR FEET英尺

FWD FORWARD前部

FWDFT FRESH WATER DRAFT淡水吃水

FRG FOR YOUR GUIDANCE供你参考,供你掌握情况

F.A.A. free of all average一切海损不赔险

f.a.c. fast as can(loading or discharge)尽快(装卸)

F.A.C. forwarding agent's commission货运代理人佣金

FAK freight all kinds(不分品种)同一费率

FALPRO Special Programme on Trade Facilitation(UNCTAD)简化贸易手续特别计划

F.and D. freight and demurrage运费和滞期费

f.a.q. fair average quality中等质量货物

FAS Free alongside ship(Incoterms)船边交货(...指定装运港)

FBL FIATA Multimodal Transport Bill of Lading(FIATA Document) FIATA多式联运提单

FCA Free carrier(Incoterms)货交承运人

FCR Forwarders Certificate of Receipt(FIATA Document)货运代理人收讫货物证明

FCSR& CC free of capture,seizure,riots and civil commotions掳获,捕捉,暴动和内乱不赔险

FCT Forwarders Certificate of Transport(FIATA)货运代理人运送证明

FFI FIATA Forwarding Instructions(FIATA form)国际货运代理协会联合会代运说明

f.g.a. free of general average共同海损不赔险

FHEX Friday and holidays excepted节假日除外

f.i.a.s. free in and stowed船方不负担装货费和理舱费

f.i.o.s. free in and out stowed船方不负担装卸费和理舱费

F.I.B. free into barge驳船上交货

f.i.c. freight,insurance,carriage

f.i.h. free in harbour港内交货

firavv first available最有效的

FIS freight,insurance and shipping charges

f.i.w. free into waggon船方不负担装入货车费

FLT forklift truck叉车

F.O.C. flag of convenience方便国旗

F.O.D. free of damage损坏不赔

f.o.w. first open water第一解冻日(保)

F.P.A. free of particular average单独海损不赔

FPAD freight payable at destination目的地付运费

FR flat rack(container)

Frt.fwd. freight forward到付运费

ft.ppd. freight prepaid运费预付

frt.ton freight ton运费吨

FWC full loaded weight& capacity(container)满载重量和容积

fwdr. forwarder货运代理人

FWR FIATA Warehouse Receipt(FIATA Document) FIATA仓储收据

GA GENERAL AVERAGE共同海损

GENCON UNIFORM GENERAL CHARTER统一杂货(程)租船标准合同,"金康"程租合同

GMT GREENWICH MEAN TIME格林威治标准时间

GR GRAIN CAPACITY OR GROSS(船舶)散装容积或毛(重)

GRD GEARED带吊杆的

GRT GROSS REGISTER TONNAGE总登记吨

GSP GENERALIZED SYSTEM OF PREFERENCE普惠制

GW GROSS WEIGHT毛重

G.A. general average共同海损(保)

G.A.A. General Average Agreement(bond)共同海损协议(合同)

G.A.C. general average contribution共同海损分摊额(保)

G.B.L. Government Bill of Lading政府海运提单

G.C. general cargo杂货

G.C.R. general cargo rates杂货费率

GDP gross domestic product国内生产总值

GFA general freight agent货运总代理

GNP gross national product国民生产总值

GSA General Sales Agent销售总代理

HA HATCH舱口

HA DIM HATCH DIMENSION仓口尺寸

HATUTC HALF TIME USED TO COUNT(AS LAYTIME)实际所使用时间的一半应计算(为作业时间)

HD HEAVY DIESEL重柴油

HO HOLD货仓

HRS HOURS小时

HAWB House Air Waybill货运代理运单,分运单

hdlg handling处理,手续

HERMES Handling European Raiway Message Exchange-System欧洲铁路运输信息交换系统

hgt height高度

h/lift heavy lift重件货

H.Q. headquarters总部

h.p. horse power马力

ICC INSTITUTE CARGO CLAUSES,LONDON伦敦协会货物条款(保险)

I.E. ID EST=THAT IS即是...,那就是...

IMP. IMPORT进口

INC. INCLUDING包括

INST INSTANT本月的

INT INTENTION意下,企图

IOP IRRESPECTIVE OF PERCENTAGE不管百分比

IU IF USED如果使用

i.a.w. in accordance with按照

IMDG International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code国际海运危险品编码

in. inch(s)英寸

incl. including包括

INCOTERMS Standard condition for sale and delivery of goods国际贸易术语解释通则

INMARSAT International Convention on the International Maritime Satellite Organization

INTRM intermediate point中转点

inv. invoice发票

I.P.A. including particular average包括单独海损(保)

i.o.u. I owe you借据,欠条

K.ATT KIND ATTENTION请转,请交,请...收阅

KG KILOGRAM公斤

KM KILOMETER公里

km.p.h. kilometres per hour时速

km2 square kilometre平方公里

kn knot(s)结

kW kilowatt千瓦

kWh kilowatt-hour度,千瓦时

LADEN DRAFT THE DRAFT WHEN VESSEL IS LADEN(船舶)满载吃水

LBP LENGTH BETWEEN PERPENDICULARS(船舶)垂线间高

L/C LETTER OF CREDIT信用证

LCL LESS THAN CONTAINER LOAD(集装箱)拼箱货

LD LIGHT DIESEL轻柴油

LDT LRNGTH DEADWEIGHT轻载重吨

L/G LETTER OF GUARANTEE保证书,保证信

LH LOWER HOLD底舱

L/L LOADING LIST装货清单

LOA LENGTH OVER ALL船舶全长

LOADREADY READY FOR LOADING,READY TO LOAD已备妥,可装货

L.T. LOCAL TIME当地时间

L/T LONG TON长吨

LT LINER TERMS班轮条款

LTD LIMITED有限(公司)

L/A Lloyd's agent劳埃德保险公司代理人,劳埃德船级社代理人

LASH lighter aboard ship子母船

Lat.,lat. latitude纬度

lb(s) pound(s)磅

LDG leading导航的,主要的

l.& d. loss and damage损失与残损

l.& u. loading and unloading装卸

leg. legal法律上的,合法的

LEL lower explosive limit最低爆炸极限

LFL lower flammable limit最低燃烧极限

lgt. long ton;long tons长吨

liq. liquid液体(的)

Lkg/Bkg leakage& breakage漏损与破损

LNG Liquefied natural gas液化天然气

L.O.A. lenghth over all全长

LO/LO lift on,lift off吊上吊下,吊装

load loading装货

loc. local;location当地;位置

Long.,long longitude经度

LPG Liquefied petrochemical gas液化石油气

LSD loading,storage and delivery charges装船,仓储和交货费用

LT letter telegram书信电报

L/T liner terms班轮条款

LTA lighter than air system(airships)

ltge lighterage驳运费

ltr. lighter驳船

lump lump sum包干金额,总数

M. MEASUREMENT按货物的体积计算运价

MAX MAXIMUM,THE MOST最大(多)

MDM MADAME夫人,女士

MIN MINIMUM,THE LEAST最小(少)

MME MADAME夫人,女士

MOLOO MORE OR LESS AT OWNER'S OPTION溢短装由船东选择

MOLSO MORE OR LESS AT SELLER'S OPTION溢短装由卖方选择

MR. MISTER先生

M/R,M.R. MATE'S RECEIPT大副收据

MRS MISTRESS夫人

M.S. MOTOR SHIP内燃机船

MS MISS,MISTRESS小姐,夫人,女士

M/T,MT METRIC TON OR MOTOR TANKER公吨或内燃机油轮

MTON MEASUREMENT TON尺码吨

MV MOTOR VESSEL内燃机船

M minimum(rate classification)最低(运费)

m metre(s)米

m3 cubic metre(s)立方米

MACH modular automated container handling

MFN Most Favoured Nation最惠国

M.H. Merchants Haulage商船运输

M/R mate's receipt大付收据

M+R maintenance and repair(centre)维护修理

MAWB Master Air Waybill总运单(空)

Mdse merchandise商品

msbl missing bill of lading丢失提单

msca missing cargo灭失货物

MT motor tanker内燃机油轮

MTD multimodal transport document多式联运单证

MTO multimodal transport operator多式联运经营人

M/S Motor ship内燃机船

M/V Motor Vessel内燃机船

N/M NO MARK无麦头

NOR NOTICE OF READINESS装卸准备就绪通知书

N/R NOTICE OF READINESS装卸准备就绪通知书

NR NUMBER数字,号码

NRT NET REGISTER TONNAGE净登记吨

NT.WT. NET WEIGHT净重

NVOCC NON-VESSEL OPERATIONS COMMON CARRIER无船公共承运人

N normal(rate classification)普通货(运价)

NAABSA not always afloat but safely aground不经常漂浮但安全坐浅

NAOCC Non Aircraft Operating Common Carrier无航空器公共承运人

NAWB Neutral Air Waybill(forwarders Air Waybill)货运代理人空运分运单

n.c.v. non customs(commercial) value无商业价值

n.e.s. not elsewhere specified不另说明

n.f.o. not free out不管卸货

NGO non governmental organization非官方组织

n.l.t. not later than不迟于,不晚于

n/n non-negotiable不可转让的

N.,No.,Nr. number编号

N/O no order无定单

n.o.e. not otherwise enumerated不另编号

n.o.p. not otherwise provided未另列出

N.O.R. not otherwise rated未列名

N.O.S. not otherwise specified未列名

Nt. net weight净重

n.v.d. no value declared未声明价值

NVOCC Non Vessel Operating Common Carrier无船公共承运人

OCP OVERLAND COMMON POINTS内陆共同点

OBO Ore Bulk Oil(carrier)矿石,散货和石油多用途船

O.B.S. Oil Bunker Surcharge燃油附加费

Oc.B/L Ocean Bill of Lading海运提单

O/D on deck甲板上

ODS operating differential subsidy经营差别补贴

OFA ocean freight agreement海运运费协议

O.R. owner's risk船舶所有人或货主承担风险

O.R.B. owner's risk of breakage破损风险由货主承担

O.R.D. owner's risk of damage损失风险由货主承担

O.R.F. owner's risk of fire火灾风险由货主承担

OT open top(container)开顶式集装箱

o.t.o.r. on truck or railway经公路或铁路

PA PARTICULAR AVERAGE单独海损

PCT PERCENT百分比

PDPR PER DAY OR PRORATA按天计算,不足一天者按比例计算

PENAVICO CHINA OCEAN SHIPPING AGENCY中国外轮代理总公司

P& I CLUB PROTECTION AND INDEMNITY CLUB船东保赔协会

PKG PACKAGE包装

PM POST MERIDIEM=AFTERNOON下午

PRO RATA IN PROPORTION按比例(计算)

PROX PROXIMO,NEXT MONTH下个月

PWWD PER WEATHER WORKING DAY每晴天工作日

p.a. per annum(per year)每年

P.A. particular average单独海损

Para paragraph文章的段或节

P.B.A. paid by agent由代理支付

P& D pick up and delivery

P.& I. Protection and Indemnity Association船东报赔协会

P.& I.clause Protection and Indemnity clause保护和赔偿条款

P.& I.Club Protection and Indemnity Club船东保赔协会

P.& L. profit and loss收益和损失

payt. payment支付,赔偿

P/C Paramount Clause最重要条款

p.c.f. pounds per

三、***是什么符号

$是美元的符号。$相当于元的意思，是英文“doller”的意思。

$是美元的简称美元(UNITED STATES DOLLAR)俗称美金，是美国的货币，货币符号为USD。

美元（United States dollar货币缩写：USD；ISO 4217货币代码：USD；符号：USA$）是美利坚合众国的法定货币。目前流通的美元纸币是自1929年以来发行的各版钞票。

美元的发行主管部门是国会，具体发行业务由联邦储备银行负责办理。在二战以后，欧洲大陆国家与美国达成协议同意使用美元进行国际支付，此后美元作为储备货币在美国以外的国家广泛使用并最终成为国际货币。

扩展资料：

鉴别真假美元的几种方法：

1、手感鉴别：真美元正背面均采用雕刻凹版印刷，四角面额数字用手抚摸，有明显凹凸感，假美元一般手摸无凹凸感。用放大镜观察，可以看到凹印微缩文字。

2、针挑鉴别：真美元票面的空白处，含有一引起细小的红、蓝色纤维丝，用针尖可将其挑出，假美元有的无红蓝色纤维，有的仅在表面印有不能与纸分离的纤维丝，也有的纸张中有红蓝色纤维，虽也能用针挑出，但假纤维丝的材质不同，在紫光灯下检查，无荧光反应。

3、擦拭鉴别：真美元其票右侧的绿色徽记和号码，在白纸上用力擦后，纸上会留下鲜明的绿色印迹，假美元擦后，虽有痕迹，但不明显。

4、质感鉴别：真美元用的是以棉、麻纤维为原料制成的一种印制钞票专用纸，质地坚韧挺拔，用手轻轻一弹，可发出啪啪地响声，而假美元则无任何声响。

5、色泽鉴别：真美元的正面人物、图像、文字、花边等用含有磁性物质乌黑色凹印油墨印制，鲜艳夺目，假美元用劣质油墨印制，其色泽与真美元相比反差较大。

6、人物肖像鉴别：真美元人物肖像眼神炯炯有神，而假美元人物肖像眼神呆滞，其人物线条模糊不清。

参考资料：百度百科---美元